Video Script — Unit 7

Technology

Subject: English | Class: 3 | Series: Leeds (SNC 2020)

---

Hello, students! Welcome to Unit 7 of your Leeds English textbook. Today we are going to learn about Technology — some of the most important inventions that changed the world!

Do you know what an invention is? An invention is something new that someone creates to solve a problem or make life easier. In this chapter, we will learn about three very important inventions: the wheel, the printing press, and the light bulb.

Let us start with the wheel. The wheel is the most important invention of all times. It was invented more than five thousand years ago! That is a very, very long time. The first wheel was probably made of stone or wood. It was used for quite a long time.

Later on, the tyre was invented. Tyres are made of rubber and filled with air. And here is an interesting fact: we use the same type of tyres even today!

Wheels are used for many things. They help us carry heavy weight. They help us push or pull carts. And most importantly, they help us travel quickly and easily. Think about all the things that use wheels: cars, buses, bicycles, trains, aeroplanes, and even shopping carts!

The second invention is the printing press. The printing press is the most important invention of modern times. In ancient times, people used to write all books by hand. Because of this, book reading was not very common. It took a very long time to copy even one book.

The credit goes to a man named Gutenberg, who invented the first printing machine in the year 1450. The machine could print many pages quickly, and people did not have to write all the books by hand anymore. The printing press prints pages quickly and causes less labour. Thanks to the printing press, books became common and everyone could read and learn!

The third invention is the light bulb. In older days, people used to light candles or lamps at night. Man-made fire was the only source of light. Imagine how dark everything was!

In 1876, a man named Edison changed everything when he invented the light bulb. Thanks to Edison, today we are using different versions of bulbs like energy savers and LEDs. These give us bright light and use less electricity.

Now let us learn some vocabulary from this unit.

"Invention" means a creation — something new that is made for the first time. It has three syllables: in-vent-ion.

"Ancient" means very old. It has two syllables: an-cient.

"Credit" means recognition or praise for doing something. It has two syllables: cred-it.

"Labour" means work or effort. It has two syllables: la-bour.

"Source" means the origin or starting point of something. It has one syllable: source.

Next, let us practise consonant clusters. Remember, a consonant cluster is a group of consonants together with no vowels between them.

Initial consonant clusters come at the beginning: ST as in stair, store, steel. FR as in friend, free, frost. GR as in green, grow, grass. SN as in snow, snake, snail.

Final consonant clusters come at the end: ST as in last, test, frost. ND as in sand, land, find. SK as in mask, disk, task. NK as in sink, thank, think.

Now let us learn about irregular plural nouns. Most nouns become plural by adding S or ES. But some nouns are special. They change their spelling completely when they become plural.

Man becomes men. Woman becomes women. Person becomes people. Tooth becomes teeth. Child becomes children. Mouse becomes mice. Ox becomes oxen. Goose becomes geese. Foot becomes feet. And some nouns stay the same, like sheep. One sheep, two sheep!

Finally, let us talk about the five magic words. These are words we should use every day to show respect and good manners. The five magic words are: Thank you, Please, Sorry, Welcome, and Excuse me.

When someone helps you, say "Thank you." When you want something, say "Please." When you make a mistake, say "Sorry." When someone thanks you, say "You are welcome." And when you need to get someone's attention or pass by them, say "Excuse me."

Manners are a way of treating others with respect and gratitude. Manners make life easier and pleasant.

Let us recap what we learned today. We learned about three great inventions: the wheel, invented over five thousand years ago; the printing press, invented by Gutenberg in 1450; and the light bulb, invented by Edison in 1876. We learned vocabulary words with their syllable divisions. We practised consonant clusters. We learned irregular plural nouns. And we learned the five magic words.

Technology has made our lives so much better. Always be thankful for the inventions we use every day!

Thank you for watching. See you in the next lesson!